Vascular surgery is a critical field of medicine focused on diagnosing and treating conditions related to the blood vessels, which include arteries, veins, and capillaries. In Singapore, vascular surgeons offer a variety of procedures to treat conditions ranging from varicose veins to more severe issues like aneurysms and arterial blockages. If you’re experiencing any issues with your vascular health, it’s important to understand the common procedures available and who may need them.
Varicose Vein Treatment
Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that typically appear on the legs and feet. While they are often considered a cosmetic issue, varicose veins can sometimes cause discomfort, pain, or more serious complications, such as blood clots or ulcers. Vascular surgeons in Singapore offer a range of treatments for varicose veins, including minimally invasive procedures.
Common Procedures:
- Sclerotherapy: A non-surgical procedure where a special solution is injected into the vein, causing it to close and eventually fade.
- Endovenous Laser Treatment (EVLT): Uses laser energy to close off varicose veins.
- Surgical vein stripping: In more severe cases, surgeons may remove the affected vein through a small incision.
Who Needs This Procedure:
- Individuals with visible varicose veins causing discomfort or pain.
- Patients with varicose veins that lead to complications such as leg ulcers or bleeding.
- Those with a family history of varicose veins and want to prevent further complications.
If you are suffering from varicose veins that affect your quality of life, a vascular surgeon will assess your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment.
Endovenous Laser Treatment (EVLT) for Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition where the veins in the legs cannot efficiently return blood to the heart, leading to symptoms such as leg swelling, pain, fatigue, and varicose veins. Endovenous Laser Treatment (EVLT) is one of the most effective ways to treat this condition.
Procedure Details:
- A laser fiber is inserted into the affected vein through a small catheter, and the vein is heated and closed off. The blood is rerouted to healthier veins.
- EVLT is minimally invasive, and patients typically experience less discomfort and a quicker recovery time compared to traditional surgery.
Who Needs This Procedure:
- Patients suffering from symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency, such as swelling, heaviness, and skin changes.
- Those with varicose veins that are not improving with conservative treatments.
- Individuals who want a non-invasive alternative to traditional vein stripping surgery.
If you have CVI, your vascular surgeon can help determine if EVLT is right for you.
Aneurysm Repair (Aortic or Peripheral)
An aneurysm occurs when a weakened area of a blood vessel bulges out, creating a risk for rupture. Aneurysms can occur in various parts of the body, including the aorta (the largest artery) or peripheral arteries. If left untreated, aneurysms can be life-threatening. Vascular surgeons offer surgical and endovascular options to repair aneurysms before they rupture.
Procedure Details:
- Open surgery: The aneurysm is surgically removed, and the blood vessel is repaired or replaced with a graft.
- Endovascular repair: A minimally invasive procedure where a stent graft is inserted through a small incision and placed inside the aneurysm to reinforce the vessel wall.
Who Needs This Procedure:
- Patients diagnosed with an aortic aneurysm, especially those who are at risk of rupture.
- Individuals with peripheral aneurysms that are growing in size or causing symptoms such as pain or reduced circulation.
- People with a family history of aneurysms or those with high blood pressure and cholesterol, which increase the risk of developing aneurysms.
If you have been diagnosed with an aneurysm, a vascular surgeon can help assess the size and location and recommend the most appropriate treatment to prevent rupture.
Angioplasty and Stenting for Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition where the arteries in the legs become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, restricting blood flow. This can cause symptoms such as leg pain, numbness, or non-healing wounds. Vascular surgeons in Singapore often recommend angioplasty and stenting to open up blocked arteries and improve circulation.
Procedure Details:
- Angioplasty: A catheter with a small balloon is inserted into the blocked artery and inflated to widen the artery, improving blood flow.
- Stenting: A mesh-like tube (stent) is placed in the artery to keep it open after angioplasty, preventing re-narrowing.
Who Needs This Procedure:
- Patients with peripheral artery disease who experience intermittent claudication (pain while walking) or non-healing wounds.
- Individuals who have a high risk of heart attack or stroke due to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the arteries).
- Those with severe PAD causing significant discomfort or limiting mobility.
If you have PAD, angioplasty and stenting can significantly improve circulation and quality of life. A vascular surgeon can evaluate the severity of your condition and determine if this procedure is suitable for you.
Dialysis Access Surgery
For individuals with kidney failure who require dialysis, access to the bloodstream is necessary for the procedure to work. Vascular surgeons create an access point for dialysis, typically through the creation of an arteriovenous (AV) fistula or graft, allowing the dialysis machine to filter the blood.
Procedure Details:
- Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula: A direct connection is made between an artery and vein in the arm, allowing blood to flow more easily during dialysis.
- AV Graft: If a fistula is not possible, a synthetic tube may be used to connect the artery and vein.
Who Needs This Procedure:
- Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are starting dialysis and need reliable access for the procedure.
- Patients who are experiencing complications with existing dialysis access, such as blockage or infection.
- People with kidney failure who are on dialysis for an extended period.
If you’re undergoing dialysis or anticipate starting, a vascular surgeon will create the necessary access point for efficient and safe dialysis.
Conclusion
Vascular surgery plays a crucial role in treating a wide range of vascular conditions, from varicose veins to life-threatening aneurysms. In Singapore, patients have access to various advanced procedures to address their vascular health concerns. If you’re experiencing symptoms such as leg pain, swelling, or unexplained skin changes, it’s important to consult a vascular specialist for a thorough evaluation.
The right procedure can significantly improve your quality of life, prevent complications, and help you manage chronic conditions. Always speak with your vascular surgeon about the best treatment options for your individual health needs.
